How Power Conversion Systems (PSC) Work？

    At the heart of every energy storage system is the Power Conversion System (PCS)—the intelligent component that manages energy flow between your batteries and the electrical grid. Its core function is bidirectional conversion: charging batteries from the grid (AC→DC) and discharging energy back out (DC→AC).

Here's how this two-way energy transfer happens.

    Charging Mode: AC → DC (Grid to Battery)

When energy needs to be stored—during off-peak hours or when solar production exceeds demand—the PCS operates as a rectifier.

Rectification: Grid AC power (e.g., 380V/50Hz) is converted to pulsating DC through a rectifier circuit.

Conditioning: This raw DC is then smoothed and regulated by a DC-DC converter to match the battery's specific charging requirements (such as constant current-constant voltage for lithium batteries), resulting in stable DC power ready for storage.

    Discharging Mode: DC → AC (Battery to Grid/Loads)

When stored energy is needed—during peak demand or power outages—the PCS switches to inverter mode.

Inversion: Battery DC power is converted to AC via an inverter bridge using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technology, creating clean sine wave AC that matches grid standards.

    Synchronization & Delivery:

For grid-tied systems: The PCS synchronizes its output with the grid's voltage and frequency before feeding power back seamlessly.

For off-grid systems: The PCS independently generates stable AC power to support isolated loads.

Beyond Conversion: The Intelligent Role of Modern PCS

    Today's PCS units do more than just convert power. They provide critical grid services, enable seamless transition between grid-connected and island modes during outages, and ensure system safety through continuous monitoring and protection.